Kurongwa kwepepa

Pepa rinogona kuiswa muzvikamu zvinotevera zvichibva pane akawanda ma parameter.

Zvichienderana negiredhi: Pepa rekutanga rakagadziriswa kubva pambiru yehuni inonzi sevirgin paperkanabepa regiredhi remhandara.Pepa rakagadzirwazvei bepa rinowanikwa mushure mekugadziridzwazve kwebepa risati rave mhandara, rakadzokororwa marara bepa pacharo kana musanganiswa wavo.

Zvichienderana nekutsvedzerera uye kurapwa kwakapihwa pulp nebepa, rakakamurwa zvakanyanya kuita mapoka maviri: Mapepa anoshandiswa kudhinda, kunyora, kunyora, mabhuku nezvimwe anogadzirwa ne bleached pulp uye anonzibepa rakanaka, uye bepa rinoshandiswa mukurongedza zvechikafu zvinhu izvo zvinogadzirwa neunbleached pulp zvinonzi sebepa rakakora.

Zvinoenderana neChikafu Chengetedzo uye Chiremera Chiremera cheIndia (FSSAI), chete giredhi giredhi rekurongedza zvinhu zvinofanirwa kushandiswa kune yakananga chikafu kubata (FSSR).2011)Pepa rekurongedza chikafu rinogona kuiswa muzvikamu zviviri zvakafara (1) zvichibva pane pulp kana pepa kurapwa (2) zvichienderana nechimiro uye musanganiswa wezvakasiyana zvinhu.Wood pulp kurapwa kunokanganisa mapepa ezvivakwa uye kushandiswa kwayo zvakanyanya.Chikamu chinotevera chinokurukura nezvemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemapepa akavakirwa papepa uye kurapwa kwepepa uye kushandiswa kwavo mukurongedza chikafu.

Corrugated fiberboard(CFB)

Iyo mbishi yeCFB inonyanya kuve kraft bepa zvisinei agave bagasse, ne-zvigadzirwa kubva kuindasitiri yetequila zvakange zvashandiswawo kugadzira fibreboard (Iñiguez-Covarrubias et al.2001)Corrugated fibreboard kazhinji ine maviri kana anopfuura akaturikidzana eflat kraft bepa (liner) uye materu emarara (nyere) akaiswa sandwich pakati peakafuratira kuti ape cushioning mhedzisiro uye abrasion kuramba.Fluted zvinhu zvinogadzirwa uchishandisa corrugator iyo inosanganisira kupfuura kwepepuru kraft bepa pakati pemaviri serrated rollers, inoteverwa nekushandiswa kwekunamira kune matipi emakoroko uye liner inonamira kune iyo corrugator uchishandisa kumanikidza (Kirwan.2005)Kana iine liner imwe chete, imadziro mamwe chete;kana yakarongedzerwa mativi maviri pane matatu ply kana kaviri yakatarisana uye zvichingodaro.Zvinoenderana neBureau of Indian Standards (IS 2771(1) 1990), A (Broad), B (Narrow), C (Medium) uye E (Micro) mhando dzenyere dzakanga dzatsanangurwa.Rudzi rwenyere rinoshandiswa kana ma cushioning zvivakwa zvakakosha, B mhando yakasimba kupfuura A neC, C ndeyekukanganisa zvivakwa pakati peA neB neE zviri nyore kupeta nekudhinda kwakanyanya (IS:SP-7 NBC2016)Kurongedza kwechikafu kunoshandisa chete makumi matatu nembiri muzana ezvese corrugated board munyika dzeEurope uye makumi mana muzana kana chikamu chekuputira chinwiwa chakabatanidzwa zvakare (Kirwan2005)Inoshandiswa mukusangana kwechikafu chakananga kunyanya kune michero nemiriwo, uko magiredhi ese emapepa emarara anogona kushandiswa sezvikamu zvemukati asi zvinodiwa padanho repentachlorophenol (PCP), phthalate uye benzophenone zvaifanira kuzadzikiswa.

Compartment based CFB cartons anowanzo shandiswa kune akawanda mapaketi eyoghurt makapu e polystyrene.Nyama, hove, pizza, burgers, chikafu chinokurumidza, chingwa, huku uye French fries zvinogona kuzara mumafibreboards (Begley et al.2005)Michero nemiriwo zvinogona zvakare kurongedzerwa kuti zviendeswe kumisika zuva nezuva.